2,331 research outputs found
Temperature chaos in a replica symmetry broken spin glass model - A hierarchical model with temperature chaos -
Temperature chaos is an extreme sensitivity of the equilibrium state to a
change of temperature. It arises in several disordered systems that are
described by the so called scaling theory of spin glasses, while it seems to be
absent in mean field models. We consider a model spin glass on a tree and show
that although it has mean field behavior with replica symmetry breaking, it
manifestly has ``strong'' temperature chaos. We also show why chaos appears
only very slowly with system size.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures, the text is slightly change
Discrete energy landscapes and replica symmetry breaking at zero temperature
The order parameter P(q) for disordered systems with degenerate ground-states
is reconsidered. We propose that entropy fluctuations lead to a trivial P(q) at
zero temperature as in the non-degenerate case, even if there are zero-energy
large-scale excitations (complex energy landscape). Such a situation should
arise in the 3-dimensional +-J Ising spin glass and in MAX-SAT. Also, we argue
that if the energy landscape is complex with a finite number of ground-state
families, then replica symmetry breaking reappears at positive temperature.Comment: 7 pages; clarifications on valley definition
Simple strong glass forming models: mean-field solution with activation
We introduce simple models, inspired by previous models for froths and
covalent glasses, with trivial equilibrium properties but dynamical behaviour
characteristic of strong glass forming systems. These models are also a
generalization of backgammon or urn models to a non--constant number of
particles, where entropic barriers are replaced by energy barriers, allowing
for the existence of activated processes. We formulate a mean--field version of
the models, which keeps most of the features of the finite dimensional ones,
and solve analytically the out--of--equilibrium dynamics in the low temperature
regime where activation plays an essential role.Comment: 18 pages, 9 figure
Derivatives and inequalities for order parameters in the Ising spin glass
Identities and inequalities are proved for the order parameters, correlation
functions and their derivatives of the Ising spin glass. The results serve as
additional evidence that the ferromagnetic phase is composed of two regions,
one with strong ferromagnetic ordering and the other with the effects of
disorder dominant. The Nishimori line marks a crossover between these two
regions.Comment: 10 pages; 3 figures; new inequalities added, title slightly change
Tight-binding study of high-pressure phase transitions in titanium: alpha to omega and beyond
We use a tight-binding total energy method, with parameters determined from a
fit to first-principles calculations, to examine the newly discovered gamma
phase of titanium. Our parameters were adjusted to accurately describe the
alpha Ti-omega Ti phase transition, which is misplaced by density functional
calculations. We find a transition from omega Ti to gamma Ti at 102 GPa, in
good agreement with the experimental value of 116 GPa. Our results suggest that
current density functional calculations will not reproduce the omega Ti-gamma
Ti phase transition, but will instead predict a transition from omega Ti to the
bcc beta Ti phase.Comment: 3 encapsulated Postscript figures, submitted to Phyical Review
Letter
Local excitations in mean field spin glasses
We address the question of geometrical as well as energetic properties of
local excitations in mean field Ising spin glasses. We study analytically the
Random Energy Model and numerically a dilute mean field model, first on
tree-like graphs, equivalent to a replica symmetric computation, and then
directly on finite connectivity random lattices. In the first model,
characterized by a discontinuous replica symmetry breaking, we found that the
energy of finite volume excitation is infinite whereas in the dilute mean field
model, described by a continuous replica symmetry breaking, it slowly decreases
with sizes and saturates at a finite value, in contrast with what would be
naively expected. The geometrical properties of these excitations are similar
to those of lattice animals or branched polymers. We discuss the meaning of
these results in terms of replica symmetry breaking and also possible relevance
in finite dimensional systems.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publicatio
A ferromagnet with a glass transition
We introduce a finite-connectivity ferromagnetic model with a three-spin
interaction which has a crystalline (ferromagnetic) phase as well as a glass
phase. The model is not frustrated, it has a ferromagnetic equilibrium phase at
low temperature which is not reached dynamically in a quench from the
high-temperature phase. Instead it shows a glass transition which can be
studied in detail by a one step replica-symmetry broken calculation. This spin
model exhibits the main properties of the structural glass transition at a
solvable mean-field level.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures, uses epl.cls (included
Glassy states in lattice models with many coexisting crystalline phases
We study the emergence of glassy states after a sudden cooling in lattice
models with short range interactions and without any a priori quenched
disorder. The glassy state emerges whenever the equilibrium model possesses a
sufficient number of coexisting crystalline phases at low temperatures,
provided the thermodynamic limit be taken before the infinite time limit. This
result is obtained through simulations of the time relaxation of the standard
Potts model and some exclusion models equipped with a local stochastic dynamics
on a square lattice.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figure
J D Bernal: philosophy, politics and the science of science
This paper is an examination of the philosophical and political legacy of John Desmond Bernal. It addresses the evidence of an emerging consensus on Bernal based on the recent biography of Bernal by Andrew Brown and the reviews it has received. It takes issue with this view of Bernal, which tends to be admiring of his scientific contribution, bemused by his sexuality, condescending to his philosophy and hostile to his politics. This article is a critical defence of his philosophical and political position
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